Perkembangan concentrated solar cells (CSC) untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi matahari menuju energi bersih dan berkelanjutan
Keywords:
Concentrated Solar Cell, Energi Terbarukan, Life Cycle AnalysisAbstract
Dalam upaya mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil, sel surya menjadi salah satu potensi energi terbarukan yang menjanjikan, terutama di wilayah dengan intensitas cahaya matahari yang tinggi seperti di Indonesia. Berbagai jenis sel surya telah banyak dikembangkan, mulai dari generasi pertama hingga generasi ketiga sebagai era baru dalam perkembangan teknologi sel surya. Concentrated Solar Cell (CSC) memunculkan harapan baru dalam pemanfaatan energi surya. Konsep dasar CSC melibatkan penggunaan lensa atau cermin konsentrator untuk meningkatkan intensitas cahaya matahari yang mencapai sel surya. Dengan memanfaatkan efek fotovoltaik pada material semikonduktor, CSC dapat meningkatkan efisiensi konversi energi matahari menjadi listrik. Mekanisme kerja CSC tidak hanya mengurangi jumlah sel yang diperlukan, tetapi juga memungkinkan desain multi-junction tandem yang lebih efisien, menggunakan bahan dan proses produksi yang umumnya mahal namun menjadi lebih terjangkau melalui penggunaan CSC. Berdasarkan ulasan analisis siklus hidup (LCA) yang dilakukan beberapa peneliti, CSC menunjukkan keunggulan dalam pengurangan material terbatas, seperti germanium (Ge) dan gallium (Ga), yang mendukung keberlanjutan pada skala besar. Keunggulan ini memberikan gambaran lebih luas tentang dampak positif CSC terhadap penurunan ketergantungan pada sumber daya yang langka dan peningkatan keberlanjutan di sektor energi.
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